An Optimal Gate Design for the Synthesis of Ternary Logic Circuits

Department of Electrical EngineeringOver the last few decades, CMOS-based digital circuits have been steadily developed. However, because of the power density limits, device scaling may soon come to an end, and new approaches for circuit designs are required. Multi-valued logic (MVL) is one of the new approaches, which increases the radix for computation to lower the complexity of the circuit. For the MVL implementation, ternary logic circuit designs have been proposed previously, though they could not show advantages over binary logic, because of unoptimized synthesis techniques. In this thesis, we propose a methodology to design ternary gates by modeling pull-up and pull-down operations of the gates. Our proposed methodology makes it possible to synthesize ternary gates with a minimum number of transistors. From HSPICE simulation results, our ternary designs show significant power-delay product reductions; 49 % in the ternary full adder and 62 % in the ternary multiplier compared to the existing methodology. We have also compared the number of transistors in CMOS-based binary logic circuits and ternary device-based logic circuits We propose a methodology for using ternary values effectively in sequential logic. Proposed ternary D flip-flop is designed to normally operate in four-edges of a ternary clock signal. A quad-edge-triggered ternary D flip-flop (QETDFF) is designed with static gates using CNTFET. From HSPICE simulation results, we have confirmed that power-delay-product (PDP) of QETDFF is reduced by 82.31 % compared to state of the art ternary D flip-flop. We synthesize a ternary serial adder using QETDFF. PDP of the proposed ternary serial adder is reduced by 98.23 % compared to state of the art design.ope

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Department of Electrical EngineeringFor the last decade, many modern replacement policies for last-level cache (LLC) adopted Static Re-reference Interval Prediction (SRRIP) as their base algorithm. In the LLC, SRRIP outperforms other traditional replacement policies like Least-Recently Used (LRU). SRRIP works with a few bits of counter, called Re-Reference Prediction Value (RRPV), but we find that RRPV can be implemented with a binary tree. In this thesis, we propose a new cache replacement policy, Pseudo Re-Reference Interval Prediction (PRRIP). Our proposed PRRIP mimics SRRIP, so PRRIP outperforms other replacement policies such as LRU. Moreover, we find that PRRIP becomes more resistant to non-temporal data access pattern than SRRIP by using binary tree. In terms of overhead, we halve the hardware cost to implement PRRIP compared to SRRIP. Our experimental results show that PRRIP achieves 1.26% speedup over LRU while SRRIP gets 0.53% speedup over LRU for single-core workloads. For multi-core workloads, our experimental results show that the performance difference between PRRIP and SRRIP is less than 0.3%.clos

Pediatric Korean Triage and Acuity Scale

Symptoms and signs of childhood disease are different according to age. Initial assessment process in emergency department should consider a broad presentation of illness and injuries of pediatric patients. In 2012, the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine developed the Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS) by expert consultation including a survey to emergency physicians, nurses, and emergency medical technicians based on the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale. KTAS research group performed the analysis of distribution of pediatric populations by KTAS classification in 8 hospitals and showed the correlation with the disposition results with KTAS scores in 2014. KTAS could improve the patient safety by the real-time scoring of severity in pediatric patients. KTAS would generate important data for distributing patients to the less crowded emergency departments in near future

SCOB: Universal Text Understanding via Character-wise Supervised Contrastive Learning with Online Text Rendering for Bridging Domain Gap

Inspired by the great success of language model (LM)-based pre-training, recent studies in visual document understanding have explored LM-based pre-training methods for modeling text within document images. Among them, pre-training that reads all text from an image has shown promise, but often exhibits instability and even fails when applied to broader domains, such as those involving both visual documents and scene text images. This is a substantial limitation for real-world scenarios, where the processing of text image inputs in diverse domains is essential. In this paper, we investigate effective pre-training tasks in the broader domains and also propose a novel pre-training method called SCOB that leverages character-wise supervised contrastive learning with online text rendering to effectively pre-train document and scene text domains by bridging the domain gap. Moreover, SCOB enables weakly supervised learning, significantly reducing annotation costs. Extensive benchmarks demonstrate that SCOB generally improves vanilla pre-training methods and achieves comparable performance to state-of-the-art methods. Our findings suggest that SCOB can be served generally and effectively for read-type pre-training methods. The code will be available at https://github.com/naver-ai/scob.Comment: ICCV 202

A Study on Seed Damage in Plating Electrolyte and Its Repairing in Cu Damascene Metallization

In this study, we observed the changes in the film properties of a Cu seed layer with its damage and repair. The immersion of the Cu seed layer in a sulfuric-acid-based plating electrolyte can result in damage to the Cu seed layer by the dissolution of the native Cu oxide and corrosion of Cu, leading to defects in the subsequent electrodeposited layer. The damaged seed layer was repaired using electroless plating. Cu re-covered the surface and the crystal structure of the seed layer was rebuilt and, finally, the filling characteristic was improved into superfilling in Cu electroplating for the damascene process. Electroless repairing, however, increased the seed roughness due to the low nucleation on the exposed barrier surface and the accompanying three-dimensional Cu growth. To refine the repairing process by inducing the nucleation on the barrier surface, Sn–Pd activation was adopted before the repair, and it reduced the surface roughness and improved the continuity of the seed layer effectively.This work was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) through the Research Center for Energy Conversion and Storage (RCECS) and through the Nano R&D program funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2009-0083223). It was also supported by a grant from the Fundamental R&D Program for Core Technology of Materials funded by the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea

Xibe Language Revitalization and Documentation Project

1 page posterXibe (also Romanized as Sibo, Xibo, and Sibe) is a Manchu-Tungus language spoken by approximately 40,000 individuals in Northwestern China (Xinjiang Uygur [Uighur] Autonomous Region), and is one of the 56 recognized ethnic minorities in China. Xibe of Xinjiang is the only currently viable member of the Southwestern branch of the Tungusic language family, and is closely related to the nearly extinct Manchu language. The Tungusic languages are completely unrelated to the modern majority language, Chinese. Xibe possesses a rich literature employing a slightly revised version of the Manchu script, as represented in the title bar of this poster. The current collaborative project involves morphological and syntactic analysis leading to a linguistic grammar, a dictionary, and a collection of indigenous Xibe stories in support of indigenous Xibe language description and documentation goals. The products of this research will contribute to the continued use and vitality of the Xibe language and culture

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L’agentivité corporelle est une nouvelle définition de l’autosanté même si une illusion capitaliste nous fait croire que le corps individuel pouvait être une possibilité de révolutionner de notre intimité et de notre construction physique. L’agentivité est peut-être une illusion du point de vue de la régulation biopolitique des populations : le bio-pouvoir propose le soi corporel comme un moyen de maintenir une domination pan-optique par l’entretien de soi-même. Mais l’internalisation du bio-pouvoir transforme le patient en agent de sa propre santé : ainsi le bio-pouvoir interne est exercé par chaque entraîneur, performativité et performance son alors confondues dans un même projet, l’auto-éducation corporelle de soi.The body agentivity is a new definition of self health even if is an capitalistic illusion to believe us that the individual body could be the possibility of revolution in intimacy and in the physical self’s building. This agentivity is perhaps an illusion in the point of view of biopolitic regulation of population: the bio-power proposes the self body control like a mean to maintain the panoptic domination by the body-work of man or woman. But the internalisation of biopower by the patient transform him in agent of his self health: like the internal biopower is exerced by each body-coach, performativity and performance are cofounded in the same project, the auto-education of self